{"id":228,"date":"2023-07-16T15:00:26","date_gmt":"2023-07-16T19:00:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jerrykuntz.org\/harryhill\/?p=228"},"modified":"2023-07-16T15:05:39","modified_gmt":"2023-07-16T19:05:39","slug":"the-bulls-head-inn-livestock-market-published-sep-23-1883","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jerrykuntz.org\/harryhill\/the-bulls-head-inn-livestock-market-published-sep-23-1883\/","title":{"rendered":"The Bull’s Head Inn & Livestock Market [published Sep. 23, 1883]"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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      Dabblin\u2019 in horses for a friend of mine some years ago, I paid several visits to what was probably the greatest horse market in the country, around the neighborhood of Twenty-fourth street and Third avenue, and while in this locality I also paid a visit to the old Bull\u2019s Head Tavern, or what was left of it. It was as about as ugly a buildin\u2019 as one would want to see, unless positively seekin\u2019 after deformity and ugliness. It looked like a big coal box, and the only really good thing about it, the old sign-board, with its bull’s head painted on it after a fashion, had been taken down.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      But what a place this old tavern used to be in the good old times when they sold cattle around here instead of horses, and when this neighborhood was the great stock market\u2013live stock market\u2013of the country.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      There have been four different live stock markets in New York at different times, showin\u2019, plainly, the growth of the great city.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      The first stock market was at the head of what is now Rector street, and right adjoinin\u2019 the graveyard of the first original Trinity Church.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Then the first Bull\u2019s Head Tavern and Drovers\u2019 Inn was built, and a queer, ugly, but substantial buildin\u2019 it was, on the site of the present Astor House. Some people thought this tavern a little far up town for the drovers at the time, but that objection passed away. The stock market soon clustered around the tavern, and old Adam Van Der Bergh, some of whose direct descendants are still doin\u2019 business here in New York, made money off his inn. He was a genial old party, sang a good song, told a good story, and was as popular in his way as old Colonel Stetson was, generations after him.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Then in course of time, as New York got bigger, the cattle market was moved further up, and the Bull’s Head followed the drovers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Old Steve Carpenter started the second Bull\u2019s Head Inn right where the Bowery Theatre stood afterwards. Carpenter was a \u201ccharacter.\u201d Everybody in New York knew him, and he made money. Old Richard Varian kept the place after Steve Carpenter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      There are a good many interestin\u2019 associations clingin\u2019 to the old Bull\u2019s Head Tavern in the Bowery. They used to have shootin\u2019 matches there and prize fights, or what was meant for prize fights in those days. And dog fights were popular, and two or three times they had regular bull fights. Yes, bull fights, right here in New York\u2013fights, and sharp ones, too, between a bull and a bear; bulls and bears on four legs, not two, as nowadays.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      The fight was a square one, too. The bull meant business and so did the bear, and there was no humbuggin\u2019 or shenanigan, which is more than you can say about the bull and bear fights on Wall street. The bulls and the bears of the old Bowery were honest beasts, anyway.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      The old Bull\u2019s Head Tavern was also the last haltin\u2019 place for the old stages before they left town. A six-in-hand stage used to drive up in fine style, with a lot of fuss and clatter, twice and three times every week, and people used to walk half a mile or more to see it start.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      At first New York, or the country right around it, was able to supply all the cattle it needed, and the Bowery, what there was of it, was full of calves and sheep on their way to bein\u2019 turned into lamb and veal. Dan Drew made his first appearance in New York drivin\u2019 down the Bowery a flock of sheep to slaughter\u2013not the only sheep he drove to slaughter, by the by. Dan was then about eighteen years of age, and a very \u201craw\u201d lad\u2013as raw as his sheep. He had no shoes on his feet and a pair of pants too small for his legs, and the boys all made fun of him as he passed along; but he lived to make a good deal of fun of another kind for \u201cthe boys\u201d of an older growth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      In course of time, however, New York got to be so large that it became quite a conundrum how to supply it with cattle. New York State was gettin\u2019 used up, as well as Connecticut and New Jersey. So, one day a smart, plucky chap named Felix Renwick, who had once lived in New York but had for years been farmin\u2019 and grazin\u2019 out in Ohio, conceived the idea of sendin\u2019 cattle to New York all the way from Ohio. This idea then was fully as big as the idea afterwards of sendin\u2019 cattle from America to Europe, and it took a deal more trouble to carry it out.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      At that time corn in Ohio was worth only ten cents a bushel, and, as Renwick afterwards remarked, as there were no railroads to transport produce to the Eastern markets, the farmer was obliged to make his produce transport itself. In the early part of March a herd of just one hundred cattle was started from Renwick’s stock yard, and for nearly eight weeks it jogged along at from ten to fifteen miles a day, generally near to the ten than the fifteen. One of Renwick’s drovers went ahead of the herd with a bullock, and the rest of the animals followed along quietly enough. The other drovers kept alongside of the herd with whips made of the skins of the black snake, ready to pummel any stragglers or refractory steers. Renwick himself did the \u201chead work\u201d of the expedition, arranged for all the board and feed of the party, but rode on horseback, lettin\u2019 his cattle and his drovers \u201cwalk.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      The herd took the way over the old National road from Wheeling to Baltimore and from Baltimore on. And Renwick carefully so timed it that the herd entered New York early on Monday mornin\u2019. He was first goin\u2019 to have it enter the city on Sunday afternoon, but that might give offense to some of the sober Sabbath-respectin\u2019 citizens, so he very wisely waited twelve hours and then marched in with his herd, havin\u2019 the whole of the week in which to dispose of his cattle. Before Saturday night he had disposed of all his stock to advantage, and had sold his horse, too, at a profit. Then Renwick went back to Ohio on the stage, and his drovers and men went back on foot. One of his men made the distance from New York to Columbus, Ohio, over six hundred miles in just twelve days\u2013pretty good trampin\u2019, even for a time when \u201cwalks\u201d for wagers were unknown.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      These Ohio drovers were known in New York by the peculiar dress they wore. They were attired in a picturesque costume made of linsey woolsey, huntin\u2019 shirts with wide capes fringed over the seams, and with a large number of buttons. Some called \u2018em \u201ccapes\u201d and some styled \u2018em \u201cbuttons,\u201d and by these unromantic names the Ohio cattle men were first known in the markets of New York.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      About the time Renwick started his cattle scheme in the New York live stock dealers and the Butchers\u2019 Association determined to move still further up-town, and made a big jump in that direction, buyin\u2019 two blocks of ground on what is now Twenty-fourth street, between Third and Lexington avenues.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      These blocks they converted into huge cattle yards, and made things lively in that neighborhood. Then an old tavern keeper from Poughkeepsie, named Tom Swift, came to town, and undertook to build a third and first-class Bull\u2019s Head Tavern. He built the tavern, sure enough, but he didn’t have any luck keepin\u2019 it after he built it, and he soon sold out to a man named Daniel Valentine, who did a little better than Swift, but soon sold out again to Dan Drew, who had by this time risen from bein\u2019 a raw drover\u2019s boy to bein\u2019 a wide awake and thrivin\u2019 drover.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      In \u201cUncle Dan\u2019l’s\u201d time the old Bull\u2019s Head Tavern was one of the great institutions of New York\u2013it formed one end of the town at as the Battery did the other, and when people wanted to embrace the whole of New York in one sentence, they said \u201cfrom Bull’s Head to the Battery,\u201d just as they would say now from the Battery to the Harlem River.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      In the \u201cboss days of the old Bull\u2019s Head\u201d there was a tremendous big sign post, and underneath it was a tremendous big bell, which was always rung, and rung hard, for dinner, givin\u2019 all the neighborhood its time of day. Five minutes after that bell had been run by the head waiter everybody around knew just where to find the drovers, right in the dinin\u2019 room, and eatin\u2019 a mighty good dinner, too.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      There wasn’t much of the \u201cgood mine host\u201d or the \u201cgenial\u201d tavern keeper about Dan Drew, but it was his policy to feed his customers well, and he knew it and did it. He kept a good general \u201cbar,\u201d too, where one could get applejack or the best brandy at sixpence a tumbler, and a full tumblerful. No wonder the good old topers call those days the good old times.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      The only trouble was that there was such a demand for drinks that the bar couldn’t accommodate enough barkeepers, while as for meals there was such a rush that fights often took place for seats at the first table, for there wasn’t much left for the second table, you may be sure. Strangers passin\u2019 along the vicinity of the old Bull\u2019s Head about noon, seein\u2019 men rushin\u2019 wildly along, as if their lives or property were at stake, would be apt to fancy there was a big fire, if somebody didn’t tell him that the bell he heard was not a fire alarm\u2013only a feed alarm\u2013not a danger signal, but a dinner bell.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      There was a comfortable porch alongside the tavern, where the drovers picked their teeth and joked, after dinner, and there was a low-roofed Dutch stable back, and a big wooden pump and a tremendous big trough, where the drovers and butchers used to duck each other occasionally, just for fun.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Talkin\u2019 of fun, there was a deal of it in those days\u2013such as it was. Some of the old drovers, now livin\u2019, like to tell of it still, and the larks they had when they were butchers\u2019 boys and fledglin\u2019 drovers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      The Bull\u2019s Head had the cream of the \u201chotel\u201d business in its neighborhood. Still it had two rivals that did a fair trade. One of \u2018em was called \u201cthe Black Swan\u201d and the other was styled \u201cthe Bull’s Head, Junior.\u201d Back of the \u201cBlack Swan,\u201d near what is now about as thickly a settled neighborhood as there is in the city, at the corner of Twenty-third street and Third avenue, right about where the L road station rises, stood then a grove of trees, some of \u2018em apple trees, and in this grove stood the old farm house that had been occupied by General Gates.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      The Bull\u2019s Head, Junior, was very little, but very lively, and the biggest \u201csports\u201d went there for fun. The leader of these sports was \u201cIke\u201d Gardner, who was very proud of his \u201csportin\u2019\u201d character, and wouldn’t allow that anybody could beat him in anythin\u2019. This sort of pride kept him pretty poor, for he was always backin\u2019 himself heavy, and when he got beat, as he often did, it cost him more in a day than he could make in a month or two. He was a great hand at tenpins, then a sort of \u201cnational game,\u201d and one night he and an Ohio drover called \u201cRoxy,\u201d a friend of Felix Renwick, who had come from Cleveland with some cattle, played a match game \u201cfor the championship,\u201d a sort of New York versus The West game.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      The night appointed for the game, Friday\u2013the day after market day, Thursday\u2013saw a bigger crowd at the little Bull\u2019s Head, Junior, than had ever been seen before. All the Western men came there to bet their pile on \u201cRoxy,\u201d and all the New York drovers came to bet on \u201cIke.\u201d The game began at four in the afternoon and lasted without break till ten o\u2019clock, at which date New York and Ike were ahead. Then they stop playin\u2019 until eleven o\u2019clock, when they began again and kept at it till six o\u2019clock in the morning. At this time Ohio and Roxy were a little ahead, and Roxy and the Ohio men were wild.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Then they halted in the game half an hour or so, and then went at it again, Gardner havin\u2019 backed himself to the tune of $500 and his friends havin\u2019 put on him about $3,000 more. Before ten o\u2019clock the match was over, everybody was tired out, and Gardner was winner by about $1,500, which in those times was big money. This was the longest match at tenpins ever played, and during its progress over two hundred people stayed awake all night.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Any number of thimble-riggers, dressed like gentleman, used to hang around the little Bull’s Head and the Black Swan, but Ike Gardener, bein\u2019 a square man, didn’t like this kind of \u201csportin\u2019\u201d and did all he could to stop it, lickin\u2019 the thimble-riggers when he got a chance. But on one occasion the thimble-riggers got up \u201ca gang\u201d and licked Ike, half killin\u2019 him.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      In those days the Third avenue was a regular well macadamized road from Eighth street to what was called Spark\u2019s Four Mile House, which stood at about Sixtieth Street, the two miles or so between Spark\u2019s place and the Bull\u2019s Head bein\u2019 considered then the finest drive on Manhattan Island. The Bull\u2019s Head piazza was, like old Ned Luff’s place later, a prime spot for seein\u2019 horseflesh speed, and sports used to congregate there on fine afternoons, or at the old Willow Grove, another sportin\u2019 tavern, on what is now Thirtieth Street, to see the flyers go by.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      A lot of horsemen used to hang around the Black Swan, too, and one afternoon two young \u201cboss butchers\u201d got up a queer sensation. They were Jim Eastwood and Charley Cooper, who were \u201cbutchers of the period,\u201d wags and practical jokers of the hardest kind. They were a little jealous of each other, too, and each aspired to be the leader of the \u201cBlack Swan crowd.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      This particular afternoon Eastwood and Cooper were both in front of the Black Swan, Eastwood ridin\u2019 a bay horse and Cooper drivin\u2019 a tip-top gray mare to a sulky. The boys around got banterin\u2019 Jim and Charley on there turnouts and they got banterin\u2019 each other, and Charley Cooper, to take the conceit out of Jim Eastwood, bet fifty dollars that he could drive his gray anywhere and everywhere where his rival could ride his bay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      No sooner was the bet made than Jim Eastwood turned his horse’s head and rode him right up to the steps leadin\u2019 to the entrance of the Black Swan. This set the boys a-cheering, and this applause gave Jim a new idea, for he forthwith rode right into the barroom, where at the bar on horseback he called for drinks for the crowd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Everybody thought, of course, that Cooper was done for, but Cooper didn’t. What did he do but absolutely drive his gray mare up the steps also, followed by the sulky, and then he even got so far as to get part of his horse in the barroom. How much further he would have got nobody could tell, for just then the sulky yielded to the unusual strain put upon it and parted in two, the wheels and axle separatin\u2019 from the wagon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Down fell Charley Cooper and away went his gray mare down the steps, but Charley came up smilin\u2019, and then it was arranged that Jim and Charley should compromise the bet between \u2018em, Charley only payin\u2019 Jim half the wager, as he had come at least halfway in, and Jim spendin\u2019 the twenty-five dollars in a high old supper at the Swan,<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Meanwhile Uncle Dan\u2019l didn’t bother himself about sport but devoted himself to business. He made money as a tavern-keeper, but that was only part of his money-makin\u2019. He soon made himself a kind of broker, and collected for the drovers. He got into the habit, and a very good habit it was for him, of cashin\u2019 for the Drovers their claims against the butchers. You see the butchers got their cattle of the drovers on thirty days credit, and the drovers often being hard up for ready money, he would cash their accounts or pay their butcher\u2019s note for \u2018em, only askin\u2019 and gettin\u2019, one per cent, and sometimes two, for his kindness. This twelve and twenty-four per cent a year on a good many thousands of dollars soon made Uncle Dan\u2019l, as it would anybody else, rich.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      Uncle Dan\u2019l soon became the great man of the New York live stock market around Twenrty-fourth street, just as he was, later on, the great man of the New York stock market in Wall street.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      He tended bar himself sometimes, but not often. He saw to the tavern\u2019s meals and so on, but only for a little while each day. His main thought and time and work was how to get rich by makin\u2019 money off of other people’s money in a legitimate way, of course, and by drivin\u2019, when he got a chance, the very hardest kind of a hard bargain.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      When thinkin\u2019 out some scheme he used to walk up and down his bar-room talkin\u2019 to himself, but to nobody else, and in a very low tone of voice at that. Nobody was ever any the wiser for what Uncle Dan\u2019l said to himself.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      He used to wear a blue swallow-tail coat with a lot of brass buttons and a tall hat, and when he put his hands under the tails of his swallowtail coat and stuck his hat on his head so as to shade his keen eyes and walked up and down solemnly and slowly, and talked gently to himself, then the butchers and drovers took note that there was somethin\u2019 in the wind, and that the wind would blow in the direction that Uncle Dan\u2019l wanted.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      One time he kept talkin\u2019 to himself and walkin\u2019 about for a whole day nearly, and the next day he disappeared. He stayed away two days, and when he came back he made his first \u201ccorner.\u201d It was a corner in cattle. He had gone to Philadelphia and bought cheap, for cash, all the cattle that were on their way to New York, and made lots of money by doin\u2019 it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      The butchers swore; but Uncle Dan\u2019l never swore\u2013he was too good to swear\u2013he only smiled. He could afford to.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 After keepin\u2019 the Bull\u2019s Head for several years Uncle Dan\u2019l went into steamboatin\u2019, following Vanderbilt and Garrison’s example. He made millions, but the old Bull\u2019s Head never amounted to much after it was given up, or sold out, by Uncle Dan\u2019l.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[Editor’s notes: Much of the content of the above column was adapted from a magazine article, “At the Old Bull’s Head,” Scribner’s Monthly<\/em>, v. 17, Nov. 1878-Apr 1879, pp. 421-432. The images above were taken from the same article.]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Dabblin\u2019 in horses for a friend of mine some<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[31,43,49,16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-228","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-horses-and-horseracing","category-landmarks","category-stock-market","category-taverns"],"yoast_head":"\nThe Bull's Head Inn & Livestock Market [published Sep. 23, 1883] - Harry Hill's Gotham<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/jerrykuntz.org\/harryhill\/the-bulls-head-inn-livestock-market-published-sep-23-1883\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Bull's Head Inn & Livestock Market [published Sep. 23, 1883] - 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