{"id":1113,"date":"2023-11-01T10:32:53","date_gmt":"2023-11-01T14:32:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jerrykuntz.org\/harryhill\/?p=1113"},"modified":"2023-11-01T10:32:57","modified_gmt":"2023-11-01T14:32:57","slug":"arthur-tappans-good-intentions-published-nov-29-1885","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jerrykuntz.org\/harryhill\/arthur-tappans-good-intentions-published-nov-29-1885\/","title":{"rendered":"Arthur Tappan’s Good Intentions [published Nov. 29, 1885]"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"
Temperance broadside<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      The recent death of Elizur Wright naturally suggests reminiscences of his warm friend and coadjutor, Arthur Tappan, the New York merchant and would-be philanthropist, to whose memory, I hear, there is now some talk of erectin\u2019 a monument. Tappan was, in his time, as much of a merchant and even more of a philanthropist than the late Wm. E. Dodge, who has been monumented, and besides, he never got into any dubious scrapes with the government or anybody else.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 True, Tappan failed several times, but he failed on the \u201csquare\u201d and his failures had somethin\u2019 interestin\u2019 and instructive in \u2018em. He was the originator in New York of the one price system and he had a good deal of bother In carryin\u2019 out his idea. In order to secure himself he marked this \u201cone price\u201d at the lowest figure he could afford to take, and so could not, on principal or with profit, allow any deduction. But no matter how low he marked his goods, his customers all insisted on beatin\u2019 him down.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Arthur Tappan<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      After a while Mr. Tappan found that his one price paid him, especially as he coupled with it another principle\u2013\u201dfor cash only.\u201d Had he stuck to both of these principles together he never would have failed. But, unfortunately, while he persisted in his one price he got kind of weak on his cash only, and first got to selling goods at thirty day\u2019s credit, then at 3 months, then at 6 months and then at a year, just like the other traders who didn’t have one price. Of course this put him at a great disadvantage. Everybody was anxious to buy of him, it was true, so as to take advantage of his one price, and that the lowest, but then everybody put off paying in cash that one lowest price, so that the lost on his interest of the money was greater than his little profit on his goods; and he went to the wall. His failure gave the one price system \u201ca black eye\u201d from which it took a long while to recover, whereas it wasn’t stickin\u2019 to the one price only, but not stickin\u2019 to the cash only, that did the mischief.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      On the whole Arthur Tappan was successful in his regular business; it was chiefly in his philanthropic schemes that he had trouble. As long as he was good to himself he got along all right. It was only when he tried to do good to other people that the circus commenced. In this respect he was no exception to the usual rule of merchants who try philanthropy. A. T. Stewart, for example, never made any mistakes in his business schemes, but almost all his philanthropic schemes, like his women’s hotel, came to grief.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Tappan\u2019s first trouble in his outside schemes was when he tried to start a paper solely for the so-called \u201creligious\u201d people. He and a lot of other men of his stamp got the idea that theatres were all wrong and Sunday papers were all wrong, and that it would be a public benefit to publish a paper that wouldn’t print theatrical notices and wouldn’t issue any Sunday edition. So on this basis Mr. Tappan started the Journal of Commerce.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      This paper was originally commenced on the sole capital and responsibility of Arthur Tappan, and its \u201csole original\u201d editor was a William Maxwell, a Virginian, who was quite an original newspaper man in his way, as he didn’t swear, chew, drink or go to the theatre or circus. It took Tappan a deal of trouble to get such a newspaper man then, and it would cost anybody else a deal more trouble to get such a newspaper man now. Maxwell had two assistant editors, who were expected to be as \u201ctruly good\u201d as he was, only they weren’t. One of \u2018em took to whiskey and the other to the theatre, both on the sly. Outside of bein\u2019 only human, they were pretty good fellows, and David Hall, the business manager of the paper, was the right man in the right place. Altogether the paper ought perhaps to have paid, but it didn’t. Tappan fulfilled his part of his pledges. He wouldn’t publish an ad, or a line about shows or saloons, he wouldn’t issue any paper on Sunday, but the \u201cbetter classes\u201d then were like the \u201cbetter classes\u201d now, and did a lot more talkin\u2019 than they did subscribin\u2019. And after a year of this sort of thing and a clear loss of $30,000, Mr. Tappan gave up his connection with the paper and never tried \u201creligious\u201d journalism again.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 His next outside philanthropic scheme and bother was in connection with \u201ccolonizin\u2019\u201d the colored people. Before the late war it was a favorite idea with certain whites to get rid of the blacks by sendin\u2019 \u2018em all back to Liberia or Africa. Two classes of people joined in advocatin\u2019 this colonizin\u2019 hobby\u2013those who didn’t care a continental for the blacks, only wantin\u2019 to get \u2018em off their hands, and those who made a specialty, as it were, of takin\u2019 care of the colored \u201cman and brother.\u201d The first class thought that the American negro would soon die out if sent back to Africa. The latter class thought that really the colored man had a better chance in Africa than America. So for just the opposite reasons the two classes joined hands in the colonizin\u2019 scheme. Tappan, for a while, took stock in \u201ccolonization\u201d and was really honest about it, thinking he was doin\u2019 just the best thing for the colored people. William Wilberforce, Henry Clay, Daniel Webster and other big names were then connected with \u201cthe American Colonization Society,\u201d as it was termed. So were a lot of gunsmiths and a big powder manufacturer, and a lot of liquor dealers. At first Tappan thought it was all O.K. Everybody, liquor dealers, powder dealers and gun dealers included, might feel an interest in the \u201cfuture of the negro race.\u201d But, in course of time, Tappan began to find out that the true inwardness of things, and as the slang sayin\u2019 is \u201csmelt a mice.\u201d It wasn’t the negro’s future but their own present these dealers were all lookin\u2019 after. They subscribed to send the colored people to Liberia, it was true, but they were also sending guns and powder and rum to Liberia, too, for the good of the colored man, of course\u2013in a horn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
American Colonization Society membership certificate<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      Tappan began to \u201ckick\u201d when he found this out, and insisted on stoppin\u2019 the supplies of rum and powder. Then the rum and powder men began to kick back and then the leadin\u2019 colonizers began to wrangle among \u2018emselves. Dan Webster backed out, the negroes began to have somethin\u2019 to say for \u2018emselves and refused to be colonized. Like sensible colored people they preferred America to Liberia any time. The different leaders and members of the society began to call each other hard names, and altogether the American Colonization Society became a bear garden. So Mr. Tappan, after spendin\u2019 a lot of money in the attempt to colonize, came to the conclusion that his money and his efforts had been wasted and that colonization was a failure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Then he drifted into bein\u2019 an abolitionist and a red-hot one. And this gave him more trouble than all his other philanthropic schemes put together.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      In the last generation it was really a dangerous thing to be an abolitionist even in New York. It was a term of reproach and caused mischief. Tappan never could do anythin\u2019 by halves, so he became an abolition leader\u2013one of the high priests of anti-slavery. He began by payin\u2019 the fine of William Lloyd Garrison, who had been put into jail for speakin\u2019 his sentiments about freedom a little too freely.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Tappan didn’t know Garrison personally, but had heard of him. Everybody was hearing about William Lloyd Garrison just then, and Tappan paid his fine without even callin\u2019 upon him. But Garrison called later on Tappan himself and thanked him.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
William Lloyd Garrison, abolitionist<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Tappan then helped to start an anti-slavery sheet in New York called the Emancipator<\/em>. He also printed at his own expense a large addition of one of Whittier\u2019s pamphlets about slavery. He was also an attendant in the anti-slavery meetin\u2019s at old Clinton Hall. These last caused lots of disturbances.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Old Clinton Hall<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      Finally one night when a big meetin\u2019 had been announced at Clinton Hall by the abolitionists the other side called for a meetin\u2019 at the same buildin\u2019 on the same evenin\u2019, and the trustees of Clinton Hall, knowin\u2019 enough about natural philosophy to be aware that two bodies can’t occupy the same place at the same time without somebody bein\u2019 hurt, shut down on both sides and wouldn’t allow the use of the hall by either. Tappan and his abolitionists were mad at this and tried to get into the Clinton Hotel close by and hold a meetin\u2019 there, but the hotel man wouldn’t mix up in politics and shut down on \u2018em. Then about half past nin o\u2019clock they made a raid on the old Chatham Street Chapel and held a rousin\u2019 meetin\u2019 there till midnight.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Meanwhile the other side, headed by a lot of Southerners, who were then in New York, after trying in vain to get into Clinton Hall or to use the Clinton Hotel, got into old Tammany Hall and had a sort of jamboree there, and then went down to the Chatham Street Chapel to rout out the abolitionists there.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      It was about eleven o\u2019clock when they got down to the chapel, and there must have been three tousand of \u2018em to not over three hundred of the abolitionists. But three hundred inside a buildin\u2019 are worth three thousand outside of it, if the gates are kept shut, and the old Chatham Street Chapel had big iron gates, against which the mob dashed in vain. The crowd got unruly and yelled and offered a reward for the head of Arthur Tappan, and all that, but the merchant and his men were safe inside and kept on talkin\u2019 and resolvin\u2019 and findin\u2019 fault with the United States government till midnight. Then they all put out the lights of a sudden and crept out one by one through a little back door and a sort of blind alley which the mob didn’t know anythin\u2019 about, so that when, with a wild yell of triumph, the mob did to get into the hall at last, they didn’t find anybody there, or anythin\u2019, save darkness and a few chairs and tables, big cry and little wool.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Later on, however, the abolitionists and the anti-abolitionists got up a regular riot in New York between \u2018em, in the course of which Tappan\u2019s house was gutted, and Tappan himself would undoubtedly have been killed if he had been caught. But you have got to find a man before you can kill him, and, fortunately for all hands, Tappan had taken mighty good care that they mob shouldn’t find him that night.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      On another occasion, Mr. Tappan, bein\u2019 in danger of bein\u2019 mobbed, quietly put on a thick muffler, the weather bein\u2019 cool, and walked, unknown and unnoticed, right through the mob who were lookin\u2019 for and threatenin\u2019 him. This required a good deal of quiet \u201cnerve,\u201d but old Tappan had \u201cgrit,\u201d as was shown still later on, one night, when the mob tried to attack his store. There was only one gun in the whole establishment that night (Tappan not havin\u2019 expected or prepared for such a hostile demonstration) and that wasn’t loaded, but the old fellow called out to the mom that his place was a regular powder magazine, fairly bristlin\u2019 with firearms, and that if anybody offered the buildin\u2019 violence he would order his men to fire a volley on \u2018em. The old fellow said this so bravely that the mob got frightened and absolutely retired from one old gun.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Time passed on and then Tappan got interested in the temperance question and made a hobby of that. And like all other temperance reformers he got into trouble with other temperance fanatics, and there was for a while the deuce to pay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      But at last he got into smooth waters, and the evenin\u2019 of his life was passed in peace, comfort and honor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 With all his little foibles and failures, Arthur Tappan was an honest man and one who loved his fellow men, and he is as much entitled to public reverence and respect as many man who have had costly monuments erected to their memory.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[Editor’s notes: The Anti-Abolitionist Riots took place in July, 1834. The above Harry Hill’s Gotham column (which appeared fifty years later) contradicts other contemporary accounts. There were two incidents at the Chatham Sttreet Chapel, one on July 4 and the other on July 7. The July 4 incident began as a meeting to celebrate New York State’s emancipation, and was broken up by a mob. On July 7, a black church service at the chapel conflicted with a regular meeting of the New York Sacred Music Society, and the two groups got into fistfights. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also, in other accounts, Arthur Tappan’s besieged store staff was armed with muskets–not just one unloaded gun.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Harry Hill column also does not mention the related rioting at the Bowery Theatre and in Five Points, or the looting of Arthur’s brother Lewis Tappan’s house.]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      The recent death of Elizur Wright naturally suggests reminiscences<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[71,26,25,95,48],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1113","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-african-americans","category-entrepreneurs","category-newspapers","category-philanthropists","category-riots"],"yoast_head":"\nArthur Tappan's Good Intentions [published Nov. 29, 1885] - Harry Hill's Gotham<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/jerrykuntz.org\/harryhill\/arthur-tappans-good-intentions-published-nov-29-1885\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Arthur Tappan's Good Intentions [published Nov. 29, 1885] - 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